Coastal communities have long struggled to promote development while also preserving the unique commercial and social benefits that the ocean and shoreline provide. "Smart Growth for Coastal Waterfront Communities" uses research gathered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the EPA and others to highlight how certain communities have instituted coastal land-use plans to better manage these threats.
In New York state, for example, local plans are coordinated with statewide priorities for economic growth and environmental health. The result has been effective, with some $158 million over the past 15 years helping to revitalize waterfronts economically, restore habitats and improve water quality.
Portland, Maine, has achieved similar success by revamping its zoning process to allow many previously restricted businesses to open along the shore. Portland's Union Wharf, for instance, is now permitted to fill coastal vacancies by renting to law firms and other companies. "Planning with smart growth principles can help communities make efficient investments in buildings and other infrastructure, protect and restore critical environmental areas, and protect public health," states the report.
The Coastal Balancing Act
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